/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 */

package org.apache.guacamole.auth.radius;

import com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding;
import com.google.inject.Inject;
import com.google.inject.Provider;
import java.util.Arrays;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.apache.guacamole.auth.radius.user.AuthenticatedUser;
import org.apache.guacamole.auth.radius.form.GuacamoleRadiusChallenge;
import org.apache.guacamole.auth.radius.form.RadiusStateField;
import org.apache.guacamole.GuacamoleException;
import org.apache.guacamole.form.Field;
import org.apache.guacamole.net.auth.Credentials;
import org.apache.guacamole.net.auth.credentials.CredentialsInfo;
import org.apache.guacamole.net.auth.credentials.GuacamoleInvalidCredentialsException;
import org.apache.guacamole.net.auth.credentials.GuacamoleInsufficientCredentialsException;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import net.jradius.dictionary.Attr_State;
import net.jradius.dictionary.Attr_ReplyMessage;
import net.jradius.packet.RadiusPacket;
import net.jradius.packet.AccessAccept;
import net.jradius.packet.AccessChallenge;
import net.jradius.packet.AccessReject;
import net.jradius.packet.attribute.RadiusAttribute;
import org.apache.guacamole.form.PasswordField;

/**
 * Service providing convenience functions for the RADIUS AuthenticationProvider
 * implementation.
 */
public class AuthenticationProviderService {

    /**
     * Logger for this class.
     */
    private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AuthenticationProviderService.class);
    
    /**
     * The name of the password field where the user will enter a response to
     * the RADIUS challenge.
     */
    private static final String CHALLENGE_RESPONSE_PARAM = "radiusChallenge";

    /**
     * Service for creating and managing connections to RADIUS servers.
     */
    @Inject
    private RadiusConnectionService radiusService;

    /**
     * Provider for AuthenticatedUser objects.
     */
    @Inject
    private Provider<AuthenticatedUser> authenticatedUserProvider;

    /**
     * Returns an object containing the challenge message and the expected
     * credentials from a RADIUS challenge, or null if either state or reply
     * attributes are missing from the challenge.
     *
     * @param challengePacket
     *     The AccessChallenge RadiusPacket received from the RADIUS 
     *     server.
     *
     * @return
     *     A GuacamoleRadiusChallenge object that contains the challenge message
     *     sent by the RADIUS server and the expected credentials that should
     *     be requested of the user in order to continue authentication.  One
     *     of the expected credentials *must* be the RADIUS state.  If either
     *     state or the reply are missing from the challenge this method will
     *     return null.
     */
    private GuacamoleRadiusChallenge getRadiusChallenge(RadiusPacket challengePacket) {

        // Try to get the state attribute - if it's not there, we have a problem
        RadiusAttribute stateAttr = challengePacket.findAttribute(Attr_State.TYPE);
        if (stateAttr == null) {
            logger.error("Something went wrong, state attribute not present.");
            logger.debug("State Attribute turned up null, which shouldn't happen in AccessChallenge.");
            return null;
        }

        // We need to get the reply message so we know what to ask the user
        RadiusAttribute replyAttr = challengePacket.findAttribute(Attr_ReplyMessage.TYPE);
        if (replyAttr == null) {
            logger.error("No reply message received from the server.");
            logger.debug("Expecting a Attr_ReplyMessage attribute on this packet, and did not get one.");
            return null;
        }

        // We have the required attributes - convert to strings and then generate the additional login box/field
        String replyMsg = replyAttr.getValue().toString();
        String radiusState = BaseEncoding.base16().encode(stateAttr.getValue().getBytes());
        Field radiusResponseField = new PasswordField(CHALLENGE_RESPONSE_PARAM);
        Field radiusStateField = new RadiusStateField(radiusState);

        // Return the GuacamoleRadiusChallenge object that has the state
        // and the expected response.
        return new GuacamoleRadiusChallenge(replyMsg,
                new CredentialsInfo(Arrays.asList(radiusResponseField,
                        radiusStateField)));
    }

    /**
     * Returns an AuthenticatedUser representing the user authenticated by the
     * given credentials.
     *
     * @param credentials
     *     The credentials to use for authentication.
     *
     * @return
     *     An AuthenticatedUser representing the user authenticated by the
     *     given credentials.
     *
     * @throws GuacamoleException
     *     If an error occurs while authenticating the user, or if access is
     *     denied.
     */
    public AuthenticatedUser authenticateUser(Credentials credentials)
            throws GuacamoleException {

        // Ignore anonymous users
        if (credentials.getUsername() == null || credentials.getUsername().isEmpty())
            return null;

        // Password is required
        if (credentials.getPassword() == null || credentials.getPassword().isEmpty())
            return null;

        // Grab HTTP request object and a response to a challenge.
        HttpServletRequest request = credentials.getRequest();
        String challengeResponse = request.getParameter(CHALLENGE_RESPONSE_PARAM);

        // RadiusPacket object to store response from server.
        RadiusPacket radPack;

        // No challenge response, proceed with username/password authentication.
        if (challengeResponse == null) {

            try {
                radPack = radiusService.authenticate(credentials.getUsername(),
                                                credentials.getPassword(),
                                                credentials.getRemoteAddress(),
                                                null);
            }
            catch (GuacamoleException e) {
                logger.error("Cannot configure RADIUS server: {}", e.getMessage());
                logger.debug("Error configuring RADIUS server.", e);
                throw new GuacamoleInvalidCredentialsException("Authentication error.", CredentialsInfo.USERNAME_PASSWORD);
            }
        }

        // This is a response to a previous challenge, authenticate with that.
        else {
            try {
                String stateString = request.getParameter(RadiusStateField.PARAMETER_NAME);
                if (stateString == null) {
                    logger.warn("Expected state parameter was not present in challenge/response.");
                    throw new GuacamoleInvalidCredentialsException("Authentication error.", CredentialsInfo.USERNAME_PASSWORD);
                }

                byte[] stateBytes = BaseEncoding.base16().decode(stateString);
                radPack = radiusService.sendChallengeResponse(credentials.getUsername(),
                                                              challengeResponse,
                                                              credentials.getRemoteAddress(),
                                                              stateBytes);
            }
            catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
                logger.warn("Illegal hexadecimal value while parsing RADIUS state string: {}", e.getMessage());
                logger.debug("Encountered exception while attempting to parse the hexidecimal state value.", e);
                throw new GuacamoleInvalidCredentialsException("Authentication error.", CredentialsInfo.USERNAME_PASSWORD);
            }
            catch (GuacamoleException e) {
                logger.error("Cannot configure RADIUS server: {}", e.getMessage());
                logger.debug("Error configuring RADIUS server.", e);
                throw new GuacamoleInvalidCredentialsException("Authentication error.", CredentialsInfo.USERNAME_PASSWORD);
            }
        }

        // No RadiusPacket is returned, we've encountered an error.
        if (radPack == null) {
            logger.debug("Nothing in the RADIUS packet.");
            throw new GuacamoleInvalidCredentialsException("Authentication error.", CredentialsInfo.USERNAME_PASSWORD);
        }

        // Received AccessReject packet, login is denied.
        else if (radPack instanceof AccessReject) {
            logger.debug("Login has been rejected by RADIUS server.");
            throw new GuacamoleInvalidCredentialsException("Authentication failed.", CredentialsInfo.USERNAME_PASSWORD);
        }

        // Received AccessAccept, authentication has succeeded
        else if (radPack instanceof AccessAccept) {
            AuthenticatedUser authenticatedUser = authenticatedUserProvider.get();
            authenticatedUser.init(credentials);
            return authenticatedUser;
        }

        // Received AccessChallenge packet, more credentials required to complete authentication
        else if (radPack instanceof AccessChallenge) {
            GuacamoleRadiusChallenge challenge = getRadiusChallenge(radPack);

            if (challenge == null)
                throw new GuacamoleInvalidCredentialsException("Authentication error.", CredentialsInfo.USERNAME_PASSWORD);

            throw new GuacamoleInsufficientCredentialsException(
                    challenge.getChallengeText(),
                    challenge.getExpectedCredentials());
        }

        // Something unanticipated happened, so panic and go back to login.
        else {
            logger.error("Unexpected failure authenticating with RADIUS server.");
            throw new GuacamoleInvalidCredentialsException("Unknown error trying to authenticate.", CredentialsInfo.USERNAME_PASSWORD);
        }

    }

}